NOBEL PRIZE: Who's Who of former Stanford Nobel Laureates

Stanford professors:

Kenneth J. Arrow in economics in 1972 for work advancing general equilibrium theory and a new conception of social choice in welfare theory.

Paul Berg in chemistry in 1980 for studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, particularly regarding recombinant DNA, that set the stage for subsequent development of genetic engineering techniques.

Arthur Kornberg in physiology/medicine in 1959 for biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Douglas Osheroff in physics in 1996 for the discovery of superfluidity in helium-3.

Martin Perl in physics in 1995 for the discovery of the tau lepton.

Burton Richter in physics in 1976 for the discovery of the "psi," a new kind of heavy elementary particle. Arthur L. Schawlow in physics in 1981 for theoretical work in laser spectroscopy, which led to the widespread use of lasers for everything from surgery to compact discs.

William F. Sharpe in economics in 1990 for theoretical advances in financial economics, including development of a capital asset pricing model that is widely used in asset allocation and evaluation of investment performance.

Henry Taube in chemistry in 1983 for work on electron transfer reactions, particularly in metal complexes, that showed how electrons jump from one electrically charged atom to another.

Richard E. Taylor in physics in 1990 for work on deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, investigations that were essential to the development of the quark model in particle physics.

Hoover Institution scholars:

Gary Becker in economics in 1992 for extending microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behavior.

Milton Friedman in economics in 1976 for work in consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and for his demonstration of the complexity of economic stabilization policy.

Deceased Nobel laureates who were Stanford professors:

Felix Bloch in physics in 1952 for work on nuclear magnetic resonance.

Paul Flory in chemistry in 1974 for work on giant molecules or polymers that make up such materials as natural and synthetic rubber, fibers and plastics.

Robert Hofstadter in physics in 1961 for work on electron scattering in atomic nuclei, a discovery about the structure of nucleons.

Linus C. Pauling in chemistry in 1954 for work on the nature of chemical bonds and in peace in 1962 for his efforts to bring about an international ban on nuclear testing. (Both awards were given before he joined the Stanford faculty.)

William Shockley in physics in 1956 for research on semiconductors and the discovery of the transistor effect. (The award was given before he joined the Stanford faculty.)

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